Effigy Mounds

Under contract to the National Park Service, HRA Gray & Pape, LLC., researched, wrote, and produced the Historic Resource Study (HRS) for Effigy Mounds National Monument, near Harpers Ferry, Iowa. Established in 1949, the monument preserves nearly 200 prehistoric mounds. Most of these mounds are conical, linear, or a combination of these two forms, but approximately twenty-nine take the form of animal effigies, such as birds, bison, turtles, and particularly, bears. The HRS provides a historical overview of the park and identifies prehistoric and historic cultural resources within appropriate historic contexts. It synthesizes all available cultural resources information to serve the needs of managers, planners, and interpreters.